Wolf Trap - Act I - Habeas Corpus

Setting the Stage: Ten years after the Ashwander Decision, an Act of Congress established a far more authoritative agency structure, creating a Fourth Branch of Government. Though intended to affect less than 1% of the population, or so they said, it now affects nearly every one of us.

bu·reauc·ra·cy. noun A system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives. Administrative Agencies Rule Our Lives The "Administrative Procedures Act of 1946" was submitted by Representative Pat McCarran, Democrat, Nevada, who gave us some insight into its purpose, when, in the Congressional Record, he said: "We have set up a fourth order in the tripartite plan of government which was initiated by the founding fathers of our democracy. They set up the executive, the legislative, and the judicial branches; but since that time we have set up fourth dimension, if I may so term it, which is now popularly known as administrative in nature. So we have the legislative, the executive, the judicial, and the administrative."

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What? A fourth branch of government? My Constitution only has three. Wouldn't an Amendment be required to create a fourth branch? He then goes on to say: "[This bill], the purpose of which is to improve the administration of justice by prescribing fair administrative procedure, is a bill of rights for the hundreds of thousands of Americans whose affairs are controlled or regulated in one way or another by agencies of the Federal government.  It is designed to provide guarantees of due process in administrative procedure. So, he says that there are hundreds of thousands of people "whose affairs are controlled or regulated in one way or another by agencies of the Federal government." The population of the United States, in 1946, was 150 million people. So, the "hundreds of thousands", he didn't say anything about a million, would constitute well less than one percent of the population. There is an old saying that if you give an inch, they will take a mile. This appears to be an understatement when you consider that the less than 1% has expanded, in these past 69 years, to incorporate probably 99.9% of the people in this country. This is, most certainly, NOT the limited government that was given to us by the Founding Fathers.  Though we find that their foresight provided a means by which we could challenge that expansion (let's be honest, usurpation) of authority in the limitations imposed upon that government. However, before we do, we need to look at what those men of integrity also told us of the consequences of such usurpations. The Founders on Constitutional Limitations Alexander Hamilton, in Federalist No 78, made clear the judiciary, especially the Supreme Court (which is the only court proposed at the date of his writing) was "the citadel of the public justice and the public security", and, that "No legislative act, therefore, contrary to the Constitution, can be valid". Further, Justice Marshall, in Marbury v. Madison (5 U.S. 137), says that "an act of the legislature repugnant to the constitution is void". Prior to the ratification of the federal Constitution, the North Carolina Supreme Court, in 1787, first nullified an enacted statutes that was contrary to the North Carolina Constitution, in Bayard v Singleton (1 N.C. 42). They said that "if they could [enact legislation contrary to the constitution], they would at the same instant of time destroy their own existence as a legislature and dissolve the government thereby established". * * * The next Scene will explain what the Founders did to protect us from such encroachments by the government that we created.   This article can be found on line at Wolf Trap - Act I - Habeas Corpus - Scene 2 - Who is in Charge Now?