Over the past 5 years, electricity prices have been going up, while the costs of coal and natural gas—the two major fuel inputs to electric generation—have declined or stayed relatively flat. This anomaly is caused by the growth of more expensive renewable energy (wind and solar power) and the onerous regulations that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is forcing on electric utilities that require capital investments to be made to existing generators. This trend has occurred at both the national level and in states like Colorado, and has happened when U.S. electricity consumption has stayed relatively flat or even declined.