“Soon after 1870, American students of the liberal arts and the social sciences began going to Germany in large numbers. By 1878 they outnumbered those of law and of theology, and in the final three decades of the [20th ] century they more than doubled the volume of the American student migration to Germany.” (Herbst, p.8)
So, by 1900, as American universities developed, they assumed a greater role in providing post-graduate studies. As students learned from American-born professors who had received their advance degrees in Germany, the German scholastic influence in America continued to spread into the 20th Century, and ultimately beyond.
World War I, though, brought a halt to the migration of American students toward Germany, except those who went as Doughboys.
Here’s one example of how the cascading influence of German higher education on America scholars continued to spread through subsequent generations.
John Dewey is recognized as having a major impact on American public educational reform K-12. Dewey never studied in Germany. But he was mentored by the American George Sylvester Morris, who did study there under Hermann Ulrici and Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg.
In 1870, the University of Michigan appointed Morris professor of modern languages and literature. Morris later helped Dewey get his first college-level teaching job at the University of Michigan. Then, at Johns Hopkins University, Morris was one of Dewey's teachers.
The networking impact of German-educated American professors played a leading role in preparing the next generation of American-educated scholars. They, in turn, chose their successors, in a pattern that continued through decades.
It’s no surprise that, today, the vast majority of American college professors align with Progressivism. In was bred into their intellectual DNC long ago, and still remains there.
As the American appropriation of the German educational culture accelerated in the final decades of the 19th Century, Otto von Bismarck became Chancellor of the German Empire (March 1871-March 1890).
Today, the U.S. Federal Government acknowledges Bismarck as the author of the Social Security (SS) program. His profile, wearing a spiked helmet (Pickelhaube), is featured on the SS website where a page is dedicated to his influence.