The Persians cultivated wild bulb flowers, notably the tulip from 10th century. The very word 'tulip' derives from the Persian word for turban. There, it has never lost its appeal and today is Iran's national flower.
The Ottoman Turks took to cultivating spring bulbs on a grand scale--especially cyclamen, daffodil, hyacinth and, most popular the tulip. Tens of thousands of wild tulip bulbs were dug up annually to be planted in royal gardens, records botanist Anthony Huxley. It was this flower which gave Europe its first specialty, reaching Holland in 1562, he noted. Earlier in the same century, Western diplomats to the Ottoman court observed and reported on them.