From January 2017, when Donald Trump began his first term as president, to April 2025 the average effective U.S. tariff rate increased from 1.5 per cent to 28 per cent. In July 2025 (the latest month of available data), the average effective U.S. tariff rate was 20.2 per cent. (The average tariff rate—across all goods imported into the U.S.—accounts for exempt items.)
Consequently, the U.S. now has one of the highest tariff rates in the world—alongside countries such as the Sudan (21.6 per cent), Iran (20.1 per cent) and Egypt (19 per cent)—and much higher than countries with the lowest rates including New Zealand (1.9 per cent), Iceland (3.3 per cent), Canada (3.8 per cent) and the United Kingdom (3.9 per cent).
The study also explains how the freedom and flexibility to trade is fundamental to economic prosperity.
In 2023 (the latest year of available data), in the 15 countries with the highest tariff rates, average per-person GDP (an indicator of incomes and living standards) was $9,703 compared to $43,502 for the 15 countries with the lowest tariffs rates.
“Countries that embrace free trade and cooperate with their trading partners help produce widespread prosperity—not only at home, but around the world,” Mitchell said.
Media Contact:
Matthew D. Mitchell, Senior Fellow, Fraser Institute
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