During the 19th century states began to directly administer the civil records, thus ending the need for a church to keep accurate records.
United Kingdom had compulsory birth records in 1853. The United States began oversight of birth records in 1902 when the Act of Congress established the Bureau of Census. By 1919 all U.S. states kept birth records which became standardized in the 1930s.
Today, a real birth certificate provides proof of identity, citizenship, and legal rights. Social services and healthcare can be accessed with a birth certificate.
Millions of people around the world lack birth certificates and thus cannot be properly vetted as to who they are, where they were born, who their parents were, and what kind of crimes they have committed in the countries where they were born.
Birth certificates have been stolen or forged to hide someone’s true identity, and to use someone else’s identity to commit bank fraud (commercial and personal loans), real estate fraud, inheritance fraud, and other uses such as government benefits, citizenship, and other political gains.
As a volunteer translator, I have seen my share of fake birth certificates, copies of someone else’s identity presented as their own, to obtain a legal state I.D. and/or driver’s license at the local DMV.
It is true that citizens coming from less developed nations or countries torn by civil strife and wars have a much harder time obtaining their birth records or any records at all. Such people cannot be properly vetted and brought into our country as they pose an elevated risk of admitting criminals into our country and taking advantage of our tolerant laws, generous welfare, and legal system.
People born in the U.S. have had their U.S. citizen identities stolen, especially now that AI makes it much easier. Their financial information has been exploited via social security numbers and birth dates; credit cards were stolen and their information sold to other criminals.