Sadness, sorrow, and despair have been a part of the human condition from the beginning. More than two thousand years ago, the author of The Book of Job wrote, "I will speak in the anguish of my spirit; I will complain in the bitterness of my soul." Around the same time, Siddhartha Gautama is said to have told his followers, "Life is suffering." It is only in the last 150 years that these conditions have come to be regarded as diseases that can and should be treated by the pharmaceutical industry.